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The gradient that controls ambient light in a Unity scene is referred to as the Skybox. The Skybox is a special type of material that creates a background for the scene and can include gradients that simulate a variety of lighting conditions and times of day. It dictates the overall ambient light that is cast across the environment by contributing to the color and intensity of the ambient light.

While Light Probes, Ambient Occlusion, and Reflection Probes each play significant roles in achieving realistic lighting and visual quality, they serve different functions. Light Probes capture and provide additional lighting data for dynamic objects throughout the scene. Ambient Occlusion enhances depth perception and the realism of lighting by darkening areas that are close together and might not receive direct light. Reflection Probes are used to capture the reflection of the environment in specific areas, aiding in the realism of reflective materials.

In summary, the Skybox effectively controls the ambient light through its gradients and overall design, making it the correct choice for this question.