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Setting the scale of an FBX model in the Model Import Settings is essential because it allows you to control how the model appears in the Unity environment without altering the original model file. When an FBX file is imported into Unity, it retains its original scale from the 3D modeling software. By modifying the scale in the Model Import Settings, you can ensure that the asset fits seamlessly within your project's dimensions and adheres to the overall scale of other objects in the scene, which is critical for maintaining visual coherence and gameplay mechanics.

This setting applies specifically at the import level, meaning any changes you make here will affect all instances of the model throughout your project, ensuring consistency. If the scale were adjusted elsewhere—such as in prefab settings, scene settings, or material settings—the adjustments would not apply universally to the model and could lead to discrepancies or require additional adjustments each time the model is used. Thus, leveraging the Model Import Settings for scaling is both efficient and effective in game development.